環(huan)境(jing)試(shi)(shi)驗設備品種(zhong)繁(fan)多，但使(shi)用zui廣泛的環(huan)境(jing)試(shi)(shi)驗設備為高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、濕(shi)(shi)熱試(shi)(shi)驗箱，而現今(jin)比較(jiao)流行是集合(he)了(le)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、濕(shi)(shi)熱為一體的試(shi)(shi)驗箱—高(gao)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)濕(shi)(shi)熱試(shi)(shi)驗箱，它的修理難(nan)度(du)較(jiao)其它環(huan)境(jing)試(shi)(shi)驗設備大，且(qie)具(ju)有代表性。下面就高(gao)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)濕(shi)(shi)熱試(shi)(shi)驗箱為例，談一談高(gao)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)濕(shi)(shi)熱試(shi)(shi)驗箱的構造及一些常見故障和排除方法。 
　　(一)、常見高低溫濕熱試驗箱的構造 
　　試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人員除正確按操(cao)作(zuo)規程(cheng)操(cao)作(zuo)，還應該對(dui)其結(jie)構有(you)所了解。高低溫(wen)濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)由箱(xiang)體、風(feng)循(xun)環系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、制(zhi)冷系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)溫(wen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)和控(kong)濕(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)組成。風(feng)循(xun)環系(xi)(xi)統(tong)一(yi)般采用(yong)可調(diao)節送風(feng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向的(de)結(jie)構；加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)有(you)采用(yong)鍋爐加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)的(de)和表面蒸發(fa)二(er)種；降溫(wen)、去濕(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)采用(yong)空調(diao)工況制(zhi)冷結(jie)構；加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)采用(yong)電熱(re)(re)鰭片加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)和電爐絲直(zhi)接加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)二(er)種結(jie)構；溫(wen)濕(shi)(shi)度測試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法采用(yong)干濕(shi)(shi)球測試(shi)(shi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法，也有(you)用(yong)濕(shi)(shi)度傳感器(qi)直(zhi)接測量(liang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法；控(kong)制(zhi)和顯示操(cao)作(zuo)界面采用(yong)溫(wen)濕(shi)(shi)度分開獨立和溫(wen)濕(shi)(shi)度組合(he)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)等方(fang)(fang)(fang)式。 
　　(二)高低溫濕熱試驗箱的一些常見故障和排除方法： 
　　1.在高溫(wen)試(shi)驗(yan)中，如(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)變化(hua)達不(bu)到試(shi)驗(yan)溫(wen)度(du)(du)值時，可(ke)以檢(jian)查(cha)電器(qi)系統(tong)，逐(zhu)一排除故(gu)障。如(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)升得很(hen)慢(man)，就要(yao)查(cha)看風循環(huan)系統(tong)，看一下風循環(huan)的調節擋(dang)板是否開(kai)啟正常，反之，就檢(jian)查(cha)風循環(huan)的電機運轉是否正常。如(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)過沖厲害那么就需要(yao)整定PID 的設置參數。如(ru)果溫(wen)度(du)(du)直(zhi)接上升，過溫(wen)保護，那么，控制器(qi)出故(gu) 
障，須更換控制儀表。 
　　2.低溫(wen)(wen)達不(bu)到試(shi)驗的(de)(de)(de)指標(biao)，那你就要(yao)(yao)觀察溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化，是溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)很慢，還是溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)到一定值后(hou)(hou)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)有(you)回升的(de)(de)(de)趨勢，前(qian)者就要(yao)(yao)檢(jian)查一下(xia)，做低溫(wen)(wen)試(shi)驗前(qian)是否將(jiang)工(gong)作(zuo)室(shi)烘(hong)干(gan)，使(shi)(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)室(shi)保(bao)持干(gan)燥后(hou)(hou)再將(jiang)試(shi)驗樣(yang)品放入工(gong)作(zuo)室(shi)內再做試(shi)驗，高低溫(wen)(wen)濕熱試(shi)驗箱工(gong)作(zuo)室(shi)內的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗樣(yang)品是否放置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)過多，使(shi)(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)室(shi)內的(de)(de)(de)風不(bu)能充分循環，在排除(chu)上(shang)述原(yuan)因后(hou)(hou)，就要(yao)(yao)考慮(lv)是否是制冷系統中的(de)(de)(de)故障了，這樣(yang)就要(yao)(yao)請廠家的(de)(de)(de)專業人(ren)員進行檢(jian)修。后(hou)(hou)者的(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)是設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用環境不(bu)好所致，設(she)備放置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，放置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)(zhi)(箱體(ti)后(hou)(hou)與(yu)墻的(de)(de)(de)距離)要(yao)(yao)滿足要(yao)(yao)求(在設(she)備操作(zuo)使(shi)(shi)用說明中都有(you)規定)。 
　　3. 高低溫濕(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)試(shi)驗箱在做濕(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)試(shi)驗中(zhong)，出現(xian)實際濕(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)會達到或(huo)者(zhe)實際濕(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)與(yu)目標(biao)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)相差(cha)很大，數值低得很多(duo)，前者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象：可(ke)能(neng)(neng)是(shi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)球(qiu)傳感器(qi)(qi)上的(de)(de)(de)紗(sha)(sha)布干燥引起，那就要(yao)檢(jian)查(cha)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)球(qiu)傳感器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)槽(cao)中(zhong)是(shi)否缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)槽(cao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)是(shi)由(you)一(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)自動控(kong)(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)，查(cha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是(shi)否供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)正(zheng)常(chang)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作是(shi)否正(zheng)常(chang)。另一(yi)(yi)種可(ke)能(neng)(neng)就是(shi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)球(qiu)紗(sha)(sha)布因使用(yong)時間長(chang)，或(huo)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質純凈度(du)的(de)(de)(de)原因，會使紗(sha)(sha)布變(bian)硬，使紗(sha)(sha)布無法吸收水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)份(fen)而(er)干燥，只要(yao)更換或(huo)清洗紗(sha)(sha)布即(ji)可(ke)排(pai)除以(yi)(yi)上現(xian)象。后者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象主要(yao)是(shi)加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)不(bu)工(gong)作，查(cha)看加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)內(nei)是(shi)否有一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量，控(kong)(kong)制加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)鍋爐水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制是(shi)否正(zheng)常(chang)，加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)鍋爐內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)是(shi)否正(zheng)常(chang)。高低溫濕(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)試(shi)驗箱如(ru)以(yi)(yi)上一(yi)(yi)切都正(zheng)常(chang)，那就要(yao)檢(jian)查(cha)電器(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，這要(yao)請專業維修人(ren)員進行檢(jian)修。 
　　4.高低溫濕熱試(shi)驗箱(xiang)在(zai)試(shi)驗運(yun)行過程中突然(ran)出(chu)現故障時，控制儀表上出(chu)現對(dui)應的故障顯(xian)示提(ti)示并有(you)聲(sheng)訊報警(jing)提(ti)示。操(cao)作人員可以對(dui)照設備(bei)的操(cao)作使用中的故障排除一(yi)章中快(kuai)速(su)檢查出(chu)屬(shu)于哪(na)一(yi)類故障，即可請專業人員快(kuai)速(su)排除故障，以確保(bao)試(shi)驗的正常(chang)進行。其它環境試(shi)驗設備(bei)在(zai)使用中還會有(you)其它的現象，那就(jiu)要具體現象，具體分析和排除。 
　　高低溫濕熱(re)試驗(yan)箱還(huan)要定期進(jin)行維護保養(yang)，制冷(leng)系統的(de)冷(leng)凝器定期清(qing)理，對于(yu)活動部件應(ying)按說明書加油潤滑，電器控制系統定期維護檢查等(deng)等(deng)，這些工作是(shi)*的(de)。